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Jurisprudence | Gustav Klimt | 1903

Jurisprudence | Gustav Klimt | 1903

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About the artwork:

Gustav Klimt’s Faculty Paintings—Philosophy (1900), Medicine (1901), and Jurisprudence (1903)—form one of the most controversial trilogies in modern art. Originally commissioned for the University of Vienna, these monumental works shocked the public with their dark symbolism, fragmented bodies, and unsettling depictions of human suffering. Philosophy dissolves humanity into a cosmic swirl, Medicine confronts the fragility of life through a towering column of naked figures, and Jurisprudence shows humanity trapped and judged by inescapable forces. Their radical style and pessimistic worldview caused such outrage that the university rejected them, and the paintings were later destroyed in 1945—surviving today only through photographs that reveal how far Klimt was willing to push both art and society.

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  • Title Jurisprudence (Jurisprudenz) — third of the University of Vienna Ceiling Paintings / Faculty Paintings (Fakultätsbilder)
  • Artist Gustav Klimt (Austrian Symbolist; co-founder and first president of the Vienna Secession 1897; Baumgarten near Vienna, 14 July 1862 - Vienna, 6 February 1918)
  • Year of creation 1903-1907 (the third and final painting of the cycle that Klimt and his early collaborator Franz Matsch had been commissioned in 1894 by the Austrian Ministry of Education to paint for the ceiling of the University of Vienna's Great Hall, with the three Faculty Paintings allegorising the disciplines of Philosophy, Medicine and Jurisprudence; the central Theology panel was assigned to Matsch. Klimt first completed Jurisprudence in 1903 and exhibited it at the Eighteenth Secession exhibition that same year — together with Philosophy and Medicine, the only occasion on which the three Faculty Paintings were shown together in their final state — and continued to revise it lightly until 1907. The composition departs entirely from the conventional allegory of triumphant justice. In the lower zone, a haggard, naked condemned man — emaciated, hunched, his head sunk into his shoulders — is engulfed by a great squamous octopus-like sea monster and embraced by three siren-like female Furies, the writhing forces of guilt, vengeance and the unconscious. Above and behind, separated by a vast spatial gulf in a flat, gold-and-mosaic upper register, the three classical goddesses of Truth [Veritas], Justice [Justitia], and Law [Lex] look on impassively. The deliberate distance between the small high goddesses and the much larger tortured prisoner is Klimt's biting critique of the inadequacy of human judgement and punishment. As with the other Faculty Paintings, the work was attacked as "pornographic" and "perverted excess." After 87 university faculty signed a petition against the cycle and the Ministry refused to install the paintings in the Great Hall, Klimt resigned the commission in 1905 — reportedly threatening the Ministry's removal staff with a shotgun to keep the canvases — and repaid the 30,000-crown advance with the support of his patron August Lederer. Provenance after the artist: Klimt; sold to Koloman Moser between 1910 and 1912; sold by the Moser family in 1919; acquired by the industrialist August Lederer, who already owned Philosophy; confiscated by the Nazis from the Lederer family after the 1938 Anschluss; transferred for safekeeping to Schloss Immendorf in 1944, where it was burned the following May)
  • Technique/Medium Oil on canvas (with gold and metal leaf in the upper register, characteristic of Klimt's Golden Phase)
  • Original dimensions 430 x 300 cm (the same large vertical format as Philosophy and Medicine)
  • Collection/Museum Destroyed (the painting was burned by retreating SS forces in the fire at Schloss Immendorf in Lower Austria on 8 May 1945, along with Klimt's other two Faculty Paintings, Philosophy and Medicine; the work survives only through black-and-white documentary photographs, preparatory color sketches, a single partial color photograph, and related drawings)

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Customer Reviews

Overall rating: 4.7 / 5 from 1833 reviews.

Customer photo review of Pandemonium | John Martin | 1841

This is the first painting I buy from your site and from any site at all in fact, and except a minor delivery issue - that only implied FedEx - everything went smoothly ! Your team responded quickly concerning this issue and that add up to the quality of service ! The reproduction is beautifully done, the contrast are good and the colors are vibrant. I am really happy with this product and will definitely crave for more !

Pandemonium | John Martin | 1841

Customer photo review of Daniel's Answer to the King | Briton Rivière | 1890

I have the other Daniel painting also, the one where he is entering the lion's den. My daughter liked it so much, that I lent it to her, not sure I'd ever get it back so ordered this one. Keep it in the blue bedroom we use for visitors, always sparks a conversion. Just love it !

Daniel's Answer to the King | Briton Rivière | 1890

Customer photo review of Pandemonium | John Martin | 1841

Well. This Image is more jpeg like than i would prefer. I never seen the original in the louvre, but I think it could be better. Especially for 300 euros.

Pandemonium | John Martin | 1841

Customer photo review of Three Black Cats | Carl Kahler | c. 1891

I simply love the portrait of the three black cats! - flawless print, elegant frame and quick shipping with sufficient packaging. I will be coming back for more! Thank you! <3

Three Black Cats | Carl Kahler | c. 1891

Customer photo review of School of Athens | Raphael | 1510

Excellent quality! Very impressed! Hangs next to my desk as I work. Inspiring! Saw the original at the Vatican Museum. I will be buying more.

School of Athens | Raphael | 1510

Customer photo review of Untitled | Mark Rothko | 1952

大きくて存在感があるのに軽いので安心して壁にかけられました!気に入っています。

Untitled | Mark Rothko | 1952

Customer photo review of Ecce Homo | Antonio Ciseri | 1871

Beautiful print on canvas. Thinking of buying a bigger one for my house as my daughter would love this for her house.

Ecce Homo | Antonio Ciseri | 1871

Customer photo review of The Ambassadors | Hans Holbein the Younger | 1533

Okay, let me start by saying this is my favorite painting of all time. I love skulls. I am beyond thrilled to own this piece and show it off to all who enter! I cannot believe this was painted in 1533.. It stirs me. 10/10 piece. Easy. I am attaching two photos of the upper left corner where the crucifix lies hidden in plain sight. I am disappointed that the wrap of the canvas wasn't very tight on this one. Because of the loose wrapping.. you can clearly see that the crucifix is mirrored from the printing job and it kind of ruins that corner of the piece because it is a detail you aren't suppose to notice right away. Unfortunately it sticks out in plain view. I plan to take black paint and just tape off the edge and fill the outer edge so the crucifix has a proper corner to inhabit. Although, I am hesitant to try and alter something so expensive.. Not sure what to do.

The Ambassadors | Hans Holbein the Younger | 1533

Customer photo review of The Last Day of Pompeii | Karl Bryullov | 1830

Solid as usual. Solid as always. The Last Days of Pompeii is dramatic and moody; just what I wanted. Print quality is sharp, colors are faithful. The artwork is theatrical, and work well on canvas. I'm a history nut and have had a fascination with Pompeii since my teens, so this one had to join my collection. Happy with it.

The Last Day of Pompeii | Karl Bryullov | 1830

Customer photo review of Among the Waves | Ivan Aivazovsky | 1898

Absolutely beautiful piece of art, printed well and in a very nice frame that was packaged and delivered with no damage or issues with the contents.

Among the Waves | Ivan Aivazovsky | 1898

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